A Breath for the Planet: Homemade Solar Panel

The Project

Homemade Solar Panel - Physics Project Project Summary: The purpose of the presented project, namely the homemade solar panel, is to provide energy through voltage generated by an innovative system using materials of intermediate cost and relatively accessible instruments. The system's functionality relies on the absorption of solar energy and its transformation into other types of energy compatible with multiple everyday electrical devices (such as cell phones). Below is a theoretical compilation of the fundamentals behind the ideation of the project in question, mentioning topics such as solar energy itself, the energy conductivity system used, and the fundamentals behind the project's structure. Project Description: Materials and Costs: Wood will be used for the structure, with the total size approximately that of a large sheet (1 meter); wick to reinforce the structure and create the layers of the panel, rectifier diodes to be implemented as a power source (360 diodes), copper wires (48) used to create energy circuits along with the aforementioned diodes. Finally, a cell phone charger will be used as the main receiver of the project along with a USB hub. Workspace: The project will be developed in various spaces depending on the needs or progress: during the initial stages, such as research, theory, and planning, classroom facilities and laboratories will be used, as well as open areas within the school. The STEAM room and spaces outside the school will be utilized for the fabrication of the project and the experimental stage. Function: The functionality of the project as a whole lies in its ability to generate solar energy through accessible and regularly economical materials. The obtained energy can be channeled and converted into electricity or have the ability to operate simple systems. In the case of our project, evidence of its correct functioning will be demonstrated by charging a cell phone, which, upon receiving energy from the diodes and copper wire circuits, should provide a charge. Process: As mentioned earlier, the project will be carried out in stages, with the first being planning based on the theoretical framework. After relevant research on the physical principles of the project, a sketch will be created not only of the project itself but also of the work structure to be carried out during its elaboration. Then, the necessary materials will be collected, always ensuring to have safety instruments first. Then, during an approximate period of one month, the elaboration, fabrication, and completion of the project as a whole, including its experimentation, will proceed. Once it is tested and its optimal functioning is demonstrated, the formal presentation of the project, in this case, the solar panel, will be made to the course teacher and the class members. Technological Solution: The technological solution proposed by the solar panel is to promote a new way of obtaining energy. Although solar panels have been on the market for a long time, the model designed for this project is different in that it utilizes physics principles such as conductivity and reflectivity. Additionally, it proposes the creation of an effective system of panels that work with accessible materials. The project contributes a new way of using diodes to attract sunlight and the innovative technique of creating panels through connected circuits of these with copper wires. The design of the structure in the form of "terraces" is also proposed, with these being open to create inner layers and ensuring that light falls on the corresponding diodes.

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Team Comments

I chose this project to create a homemade solar panel, addressing energy scarcity in remote areas like Ocuviri, Puno. With rectifier diodes and photovoltaic solar energy, it offers a viable, sustainable solution for powering essentials like lighting and charging devices.

Optimizing panel efficiency with limited resources was challenging. I experimented with designs and researched solar absorption. Sourcing affordable materials required planning and collaboration, overcoming obstacles through peer input and expert guidance.

Given more time, I'd prioritize enhancing panel durability and scalability, and explore storage solutions for surplus energy. Achieving the 4th national position in Peru underscores the project's potential for further development and impact.